Academia

Seattle, Washington

University of Washington

UW, with AI2 next door, is the strongest institutional advocate for genuinely open models — weights, data and training recipe together.

3 key findings0 timeline milestones1 sources to follow

Key findings

  1. 2023

    QLoRA

    Tim Dettmers, Luke Zettlemoyer et al.

    4-bit quantised backpropagation through frozen weights into low-rank adapters — fine-tune a 65B model on one 48GB GPU.

    Why it matters here · The reason a small vendor can ship a domain-tuned model without a training cluster.

    65B fine-tune on a single GPU
  2. 2024

    OLMo — fully open models

    AI2 with UW

    Released weights, training data (Dolma), code, logs and checkpoints together.

    Why it matters here · The only reference point for what 'open' should mean when a vendor in the catalog claims it.

  3. 2018

    ELMo — deep contextual embeddings

    Matthew Peters et al., AI2/UW

    Word representations conditioned on the whole sentence, from a bidirectional language model.

    Why it matters here · The bridge between static word vectors and the pretrain-then-finetune era that BERT and GPT industrialised.

What to follow