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PennyLane

Xanadu · #7 most active of 18 in Quantum

Compare →

Autograd-style quantum machine learning across simulators and hardware backends.

100

Trust score · Verified

2 data points checked · 2026-09-14

Model stack: VerifiedEntry price: UnverifiableVersion: VerifiedHow this works →

Current version

0.45.1

Entry cost

Free and open-source Python library

Changes / 30d

2

The short answers · verified September 15, 2026

What is the latest version of PennyLane?
The current shipped version of PennyLane is 0.45.1, as of September 15, 2026.
How much does PennyLane cost?
PennyLane has no published flat entry price. Free and open-source Python library
What AI model does PennyLane use?
PennyLane runs primarily on Catalyst JIT.

Source: Xanadu — docs.pennylane.ai · Reusable under CC BY 4.0 — cite Tomorrow

Capabilities

  • autodiff of quantum circuits
  • Catalyst JIT
  • lightning simulators
  • hardware plugins
  • Automatic differentiation of quantum circuits
  • Hybrid quantum-classical models
  • Just-in-time compilation
  • Device-independent quantum circuit model
  • Quantum machine learning
  • Quantum chemistry
  • GPU acceleration
  • Dynamic quantum circuits
  • Quantum compilation
  • Automatic differentiation
  • Device-independent backends
  • GPU & supercomputer acceleration
  • Quantum datasets
  • Device-independent backend
  • Quantum chemistry simulation
  • Optimization tools
  • automatic differentiation
  • hybrid quantum-classical models
  • just-in-time compilation
  • quantum machine learning
  • quantum chemistry
  • device-independent execution
  • hybrid models
  • device independent
  • optimization tools
  • Quantum computing
  • Just in time compilation
  • Device-independent
  • Quantum Machine Learning
  • Quantum Chemistry
  • Automatic Differentiation
  • Hybrid Quantum-Classical Models
  • Just-In-Time Compilation
  • Device-Independent
  • Optimization Tools
  • quantum computing
  • just in time compilation
  • hybrid classical-quantum models
  • device independence
  • device-independent
  • Hybrid Models
  • Simulators & Hardware
  • Machine learning tools
  • Hybrid models
  • Device Independent
  • Quantum Datasets
  • Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing
  • Hamiltonian Simulation
  • Quantum Compilation
  • Quantum Computing
  • Hybrid classical-quantum models
  • Simulator integration
  • hybrid workflows
  • Device-Independent Backends
  • Just-in-Time Compilation
  • Device-Independent Backend
  • Quantum simulation

Pricing

  • Open Source

    Free Python library for quantum computing

    Free

Entry price over time

12 of 32 points reconstructed from Internet Archive captures (hollow dots) — dated by capture, not by when we first saw the page. View a capture

10/23/2023 · $09/15/2026 · $0

Geek mode

Models under the hood

  • Catalyst JIT

    Xanadu

    disclosed

  • JAX / PyTorch backends

    third-party

    disclosed

Context window

—

Public API

yes

Multi-model routing

no

Stack signals

  • python
  • pytorch
  • jax
  • numpy
  • github

Shared model stack

Other tracked products running on the same foundation models — a quick read on how much of the catalog moves when one of these models changes.

  • Catalyst JITXanadu · 1 product
  • JAX / PyTorch backendsthird-party · 1 product

green disclosed · amber inferred · grey unattributed. Aliases are folded into one model; provider concentration counts only models with an established vendor.

Reported scale

Reference data. Each figure is whatever the source actually said — weekly users, downloads, revenue run-rate — with its own definition and date. These are not comparable between tools and are never used to rank anything.

No public usage figure on record for this product.

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Version
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Cost
Pay-as-you-go. Local simulator is free; quantum processors and managed simulators billed per shot, task, or minute.
Model
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IonQ Forte

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Trapped-ion QPUs via cloud

Version
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Cost
Free cloud account available for managing keys, simulator access, and tracking jobs; contact IonQ for hardware pricing.
Model
Forte

Change history

  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum simulation

    60 tracked61 tracked · +Quantum simulation

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Just-in-Time Compilation, Device-Independent Backend

    58 tracked60 tracked · +Just-in-Time Compilation, Device-Independent Backend

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Device-Independent Backends

    57 tracked58 tracked · +Device-Independent Backends

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: hybrid workflows

    56 tracked57 tracked · +hybrid workflows

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Hybrid classical-quantum models, Simulator integration

    54 tracked56 tracked · +Hybrid classical-quantum models, Simulator integration

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Computing

    53 tracked54 tracked · +Quantum Computing

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Device Independent, Quantum Datasets, Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing

    48 tracked53 tracked · +Device Independent, Quantum Datasets, Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing, Hamiltonian Simulation, Quantum Compilation

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Hybrid models

    47 tracked48 tracked · +Hybrid models

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Machine learning tools

    46 tracked47 tracked · +Machine learning tools

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Hybrid Models, Simulators & Hardware

    44 tracked46 tracked · +Hybrid Models, Simulators & Hardware

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: device-independent

    43 tracked44 tracked · +device-independent

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: quantum computing, just in time compilation, hybrid classical-quantum models

    39 tracked43 tracked · +quantum computing, just in time compilation, hybrid classical-quantum models, device independence

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Machine Learning, Quantum Chemistry, Automatic Differentiation

    32 tracked39 tracked · +Quantum Machine Learning, Quantum Chemistry, Automatic Differentiation, Hybrid Quantum-Classical Models, Just-In-Time Compilation, Device-Independent, Optimization Tools

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum computing, Just in time compilation, Device-independent

    29 tracked32 tracked · +Quantum computing, Just in time compilation, Device-independent

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: hybrid models, device independent, optimization tools

    26 tracked29 tracked · +hybrid models, device independent, optimization tools

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: automatic differentiation, hybrid quantum-classical models, just-in-time compilation

    206

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Device-independent backend, Quantum chemistry simulation, Optimization tools

    177

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Automatic differentiation, Device-independent backends, GPU & supercomputer acceleration

    138

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.45.1

    0.4x0.45.1

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Automatic differentiation of quantum circuits, Hybrid quantum-classical models, Just-in-time compilation

    49

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.45.1

    0.45.00.45.1

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum circuits, Gradients and training, Quantum chemistry

    6 tracked11 tracked · +Quantum circuits, Gradients and training, Quantum chemistry, Quantum datasets, Quantum compilers

    source
  • capability

    Catalyst JIT compilation promoted to stable

    —Catalyst JIT

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.45.0

    0.44.10.45.0

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Gradients, Workflow Inspection, QSVT Angle Solver

    6 tracked10 tracked · +Quantum Gradients, Workflow Inspection, QSVT Angle Solver, Decomposition Inspection

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.44.1

    0.44.00.44.1

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Machine Learning, QRAM Templates, Hadamard Test Gradient

    4 tracked10 tracked · +Quantum Machine Learning, QRAM Templates, Hadamard Test Gradient, IQP Circuits, Resource Estimation, Quantum Chemistry

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.44.0

    0.43.10.44.0

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Random Access Memory (QRAM), Quantum Automatic Differentiation, Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial Circuits

    5 tracked9 tracked · +Quantum Random Access Memory (QRAM), Quantum Automatic Differentiation, Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial Circuits, Arbitrary State Preparation

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.43.1

    0.42.30.43.1

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: quantum computing, resource estimation, dynamic wire allocation

    9 tracked14 tracked · +quantum computing, resource estimation, dynamic wire allocation, quantum simulation, hamiltonian simulation

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.42.3

    0.41.10.42.3

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Hamiltonian Simulation, Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing, Quantum Gradients

    6 tracked13 tracked · +Hamiltonian Simulation, Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing, Quantum Gradients, Catalyst Compilation, Clifford+T decomposition, QSVT & QSP angle solver, Qualtran integration

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.41.1

    0.40.00.41.1

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Compilation workflows, Program capture

    8 tracked10 tracked · +Compilation workflows, Program capture

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.40.0

    0.39.00.40.0

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum circuits, Gradients and training, Quantum Chemistry

    5 tracked13 tracked · +Quantum circuits, Gradients and training, Quantum Chemistry, Quantum Datasets, Bosonic operators, Vibrational Hamiltonians, QSVT functionality, Suzuki-Trotter product formula

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.39.0

    0.36.00.39.0

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: quantum circuits, gradients, spin Hamiltonians

    10 tracked15 tracked · +quantum circuits, gradients, spin Hamiltonians, quantum datasets, quantum chemistry

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.36.0

    0.34.00.36.0

    source
Subscribe to PennyLane changes

PennyLane compared

Straight head-to-head pages against the busiest products in Quantum.

PennyLane vs IBM Quantum PlatformPennyLane vs Google Quantum AIPennyLane vs D-Wave LeapPennyLane vs Azure QuantumPennyLane vs Amazon BraketPennyLane vs IonQ Forte

How to cite this page

Free to cite and reuse under CC BY 4.0. Permalink: https://tomorrow.aliensquad.ai/tools/pennylane

APA
Tomorrow. (2026). PennyLane — version, pricing and model stack [Data set entry]. AlienSquad. Retrieved 2026-09-17, from https://tomorrow.aliensquad.ai/tools/pennylane
BibTeX
@misc{tomorrow-tools-pennylane,
  author       = {{Tomorrow}},
  title        = {PennyLane — version, pricing and model stack},
  year         = {2026},
  publisher    = {AlienSquad},
  howpublished = {\url{https://tomorrow.aliensquad.ai/tools/pennylane}},
  note         = {Accessed: 2026-09-17}
}