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PennyLane

Xanadu · #9 most active of 18 in Quantum

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Autograd-style quantum machine learning across simulators and hardware backends.

100

Trust score · Verified

2 data points checked · 2026-11-04

Model stack: VerifiedEntry price: UnverifiableVersion: VerifiedHow this works →

Current version

0.45.1

Entry cost

PennyLane is an open-source Python library available for free.

Changes / 30d

2

The short answers · verified November 7, 2026

What is the latest version of PennyLane?
The current shipped version of PennyLane is 0.45.1, as of November 7, 2026.
How much does PennyLane cost?
PennyLane has no published flat entry price. PennyLane is an open-source Python library available for free.
What AI model does PennyLane use?
PennyLane runs primarily on Catalyst JIT.

Source: Xanadu — docs.pennylane.ai · Reusable under CC BY 4.0 — cite Tomorrow

Capabilities

  • autodiff of quantum circuits
  • Catalyst JIT
  • lightning simulators
  • hardware plugins
  • Automatic differentiation of quantum circuits
  • Hybrid quantum-classical models
  • Just-in-time compilation
  • Device-independent quantum circuit model
  • Quantum machine learning
  • Quantum chemistry
  • GPU acceleration
  • Dynamic quantum circuits
  • Quantum compilation
  • Automatic differentiation
  • Device-independent backends
  • GPU & supercomputer acceleration
  • Quantum datasets
  • Device-independent backend
  • Quantum chemistry simulation
  • Optimization tools
  • automatic differentiation
  • hybrid quantum-classical models
  • just-in-time compilation
  • quantum machine learning
  • quantum chemistry
  • device-independent execution
  • hybrid models
  • device independent
  • optimization tools
  • Quantum computing
  • Just in time compilation
  • Device-independent
  • Quantum Machine Learning
  • Quantum Chemistry
  • Automatic Differentiation
  • Hybrid Quantum-Classical Models
  • Just-In-Time Compilation
  • Device-Independent
  • Optimization Tools
  • quantum computing
  • just in time compilation
  • hybrid classical-quantum models
  • device independence
  • device-independent
  • Hybrid Models
  • Simulators & Hardware
  • Machine learning tools
  • Hybrid models
  • Device Independent
  • Quantum Datasets
  • Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing
  • Hamiltonian Simulation
  • Quantum Compilation
  • Quantum Computing
  • Hybrid classical-quantum models
  • Simulator integration
  • hybrid workflows
  • Device-Independent Backends
  • Just-in-Time Compilation
  • Device-Independent Backend
  • Quantum simulation
  • Optimizations
  • Quantum Circuits
  • Quantum circuits
  • Just In Time Compilation
  • machine learning tools
  • Hybrid workflows
  • hybrid workflow compilation
  • quantum ml
  • Hybrid Classical-Quantum Models
  • Quantum Optimization
  • Hybrid Workflows

Pricing

  • Open Source

    Free cross-platform Python library

    Free

Entry price over time

12 of 43 points reconstructed from Internet Archive captures (hollow dots) — dated by capture, not by when we first saw the page. View a capture

10/23/2023 · $011/7/2026 · $0

Geek mode

Models under the hood

  • Catalyst JIT

    Xanadu

    disclosed

  • JAX / PyTorch backends

    third-party

    disclosed

Context window

—

Public API

yes

Multi-model routing

no

Stack signals

  • python
  • pytorch
  • jax
  • numpy

Shared model stack

Other tracked products running on the same foundation models — a quick read on how much of the catalog moves when one of these models changes.

  • Catalyst JITXanadu · 1 product
  • JAX / PyTorch backendsthird-party · 1 product

green disclosed · amber inferred · grey unattributed. Aliases are folded into one model; provider concentration counts only models with an established vendor.

Reported scale

Reference data. Each figure is whatever the source actually said — weekly users, downloads, revenue run-rate — with its own definition and date. These are not comparable between tools and are never used to rank anything.

No public usage figure on record for this product.

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Cost
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Model
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Amazon Braket

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Managed multi-vendor quantum cloud

Version
Amazon Braket
Cost
Pay-as-you-go pricing based on quantum resources (tasks/shots), classical resources, or reservation rates; free local simulator available.
Model
AQT IBEX-Q1
Google Quantum AI

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7

Willow superconducting processor

Version
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Cost
Free and open-source software (Cirq)
Model
Cirq
IonQ Forte

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Trapped-ion QPUs via cloud

Version
Forte
Cost
Pricing is not published. Sign up for a free account to access simulators and manage API keys; hardware/QPU access is paid.
Model
Forte
Quantinuum Helios

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6

Trapped-ion QCCD systems

Version
Helios
Cost
Hardware-as-a-service / access via Nexus cloud or on-premise. Pricing is not published (contact sales).
Model
Guppy / TKET
D-Wave Leap

D-Wave

4

Annealing and hybrid solvers

Version
Advantage2
Cost
Free trial available; pricing not publicly listed for paid tiers.
Model
Advantage

Change history

  • capability

    New capabilities: Hybrid Workflows

    71 tracked72 tracked · +Hybrid Workflows

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Optimization

    70 tracked71 tracked · +Quantum Optimization

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Hybrid Classical-Quantum Models

    69 tracked70 tracked · +Hybrid Classical-Quantum Models

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: quantum ml

    68 tracked69 tracked · +quantum ml

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: hybrid workflow compilation

    67 tracked68 tracked · +hybrid workflow compilation

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Hybrid workflows

    66 tracked67 tracked · +Hybrid workflows

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: machine learning tools

    65 tracked66 tracked · +machine learning tools

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Just In Time Compilation

    64 tracked65 tracked · +Just In Time Compilation

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum circuits

    63 tracked64 tracked · +Quantum circuits

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Circuits

    62 tracked63 tracked · +Quantum Circuits

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Optimizations

    61 tracked62 tracked · +Optimizations

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum simulation

    60 tracked61 tracked · +Quantum simulation

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Just-in-Time Compilation, Device-Independent Backend

    58 tracked60 tracked · +Just-in-Time Compilation, Device-Independent Backend

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Device-Independent Backends

    57 tracked58 tracked · +Device-Independent Backends

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: hybrid workflows

    56 tracked57 tracked · +hybrid workflows

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Hybrid classical-quantum models, Simulator integration

    54 tracked56 tracked · +Hybrid classical-quantum models, Simulator integration

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Computing

    53 tracked54 tracked · +Quantum Computing

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Device Independent, Quantum Datasets, Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing

    48 tracked53 tracked · +Device Independent, Quantum Datasets, Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing, Hamiltonian Simulation, Quantum Compilation

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Hybrid models

    47 tracked48 tracked · +Hybrid models

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Machine learning tools

    46 tracked47 tracked · +Machine learning tools

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Hybrid Models, Simulators & Hardware

    44 tracked46 tracked · +Hybrid Models, Simulators & Hardware

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: device-independent

    43 tracked44 tracked · +device-independent

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: quantum computing, just in time compilation, hybrid classical-quantum models

    39 tracked43 tracked · +quantum computing, just in time compilation, hybrid classical-quantum models, device independence

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Machine Learning, Quantum Chemistry, Automatic Differentiation

    32 tracked39 tracked · +Quantum Machine Learning, Quantum Chemistry, Automatic Differentiation, Hybrid Quantum-Classical Models, Just-In-Time Compilation, Device-Independent, Optimization Tools

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum computing, Just in time compilation, Device-independent

    29 tracked32 tracked · +Quantum computing, Just in time compilation, Device-independent

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: hybrid models, device independent, optimization tools

    26 tracked29 tracked · +hybrid models, device independent, optimization tools

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: automatic differentiation, hybrid quantum-classical models, just-in-time compilation

    206

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Device-independent backend, Quantum chemistry simulation, Optimization tools

    177

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Automatic differentiation, Device-independent backends, GPU & supercomputer acceleration

    138

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.45.1

    0.4x0.45.1

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Automatic differentiation of quantum circuits, Hybrid quantum-classical models, Just-in-time compilation

    49

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.45.1

    0.45.00.45.1

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum circuits, Gradients and training, Quantum chemistry

    6 tracked11 tracked · +Quantum circuits, Gradients and training, Quantum chemistry, Quantum datasets, Quantum compilers

    source
  • capability

    Catalyst JIT compilation promoted to stable

    —Catalyst JIT

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.45.0

    0.44.10.45.0

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Gradients, Workflow Inspection, QSVT Angle Solver

    6 tracked10 tracked · +Quantum Gradients, Workflow Inspection, QSVT Angle Solver, Decomposition Inspection

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.44.1

    0.44.00.44.1

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Machine Learning, QRAM Templates, Hadamard Test Gradient

    4 tracked10 tracked · +Quantum Machine Learning, QRAM Templates, Hadamard Test Gradient, IQP Circuits, Resource Estimation, Quantum Chemistry

    source
  • version

    PennyLane moved to 0.44.0

    0.43.10.44.0

    source
  • capability

    New capabilities: Quantum Random Access Memory (QRAM), Quantum Automatic Differentiation, Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial Circuits

    5 tracked9 tracked · +Quantum Random Access Memory (QRAM), Quantum Automatic Differentiation, Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial Circuits, Arbitrary State Preparation

    source
Subscribe to PennyLane changes

PennyLane compared

Straight head-to-head pages against the busiest products in Quantum.

PennyLane vs IBM Quantum PlatformPennyLane vs Amazon BraketPennyLane vs Google Quantum AIPennyLane vs IonQ FortePennyLane vs Quantinuum HeliosPennyLane vs D-Wave Leap

How to cite this page

Free to cite and reuse under CC BY 4.0. Permalink: https://tomorrow.aliensquad.ai/tools/pennylane

APA
Tomorrow. (2026). PennyLane — version, pricing and model stack [Data set entry]. AlienSquad. Retrieved 2026-11-08, from https://tomorrow.aliensquad.ai/tools/pennylane
BibTeX
@misc{tomorrow-tools-pennylane,
  author       = {{Tomorrow}},
  title        = {PennyLane — version, pricing and model stack},
  year         = {2026},
  publisher    = {AlienSquad},
  howpublished = {\url{https://tomorrow.aliensquad.ai/tools/pennylane}},
  note         = {Accessed: 2026-11-08}
}